Article Last updated: 15-12-2022 Reading time: 7 minutes
AUTOMATED SAMPLE HANDLING ALLOWS A HIGH THROUGHPUT AND
PRECISE SAMPLE DELIVERY
Sample automation for biosensor
platforms
Biosensor technology is widely used in biopharmaceutical research as well as in
biomedical diagnosis. Most biosensors make use of a chip or flow cell for detection in
combination with microfluidics. However, sample introduction is still a challenge and is
often executed manually, with all its shortcomings. Therefore, certain suppliers of
laboratory analytical equipment apply an automated sample preparation system with a
modified flow path for low system pressures in their platform.
The implementation of an
automated sample
preparation system for
biosensor-based research
permits the maximum
possible efficiency resulting in
the highest sample
throughput, leading to
significant savings on cost
per sample.
Biosensor technology
In a biosensor, the bioreceptor (enzyme/antibody/nucleic acid) is designed to interact
with the specific analyte of interest with high selectivity. The general aim of a biosensor is
to enable quick and convenient testing in a wide range of applications, such as disease
monitoring, drug discovery or detection of pollutants. Besides the variety in bioreceptors,
biosensors can also be classified by their biotransducer type, e.g. electrochemical
biosensors or optical biosensors. Widely adopted biosensor technologies are for
example Surface Plasmon Resonance or Electrochemical Detection.
Workflow automation
Autosamplers are widely used for High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), as
they are designed to inject precise and accurate sample volumes. However, when
equipped with a modified flow path configuration, they are also ideally suited for
alternative sample separation or detection technology, including automating analytical
processes for biopharmaceutical purposes. So an automated sample preparation
system can be the next, low-level, step in further automating the workflow of laboratory
bioanalyses.
Alternative flow path configurations
Most of the biosensors are operated at pressures up to 100 psi where sample integrity is
important. For that reason, the autosampler flow path configuration is usually different
compared to the (U)HPLC variant. The use of biocompatible materials, like PTFE or PEEK,
are important to minimize the interaction of the analytes like peptides and proteins with
the flow path. Also, the optimization of the flow path design needs special attention.
Depending on the requirements of the biosensor, the flow path of the automated sample
preparation system can be equipped with different syringe volumes or tubing ID.
Automated sample preparation system
As described above, most biosensors operate at low pressures. In those cases, the
autosampler can be used to aspirate the sample from the vial into the buffer tubing.
After switching the injection valve, the syringe will dispense the sample towards the
biosensor. This will result in an accurate sample volume dispensed towards the
biosensor. For some applications a constant flow of analyte is required, for example, to
determine the association or dissociation rate with SPR. In those situations the
autosampler syringe can be used to deliver the analyte flow towards the biosensor.
Besides sample injection, the autosampler can also be used to dilute analytes by a fixed
factor and add reagents, if desired.
Furthermore, it is possible to integrate a special temperature control to keep samples at
a certain temperature.
Advantages of automated sample prep
With its simple flow path configuration, the Spark Holland autosampler addresses the
shortcomings of manual injections or complex system configurations. By minimizing
human intervention, margins of error are reduced. Repeatability is guaranteed because
each analyte is treated in exactly the same way. Automated sample dilution or reagent
addition will bring the human intervention for sample handling to a minimum. The
software makes it possible to apply different methods and set up a different method for
each sample, automatically. Because of this efficient and reliable operation, the custom
automated sample preparation system saves a lot on cost per sample and ensures
data consistency.
Integrating and implementing automated
sample prep
The autosampler for biosensor platforms is available in a stand-alone version, to be
connected to a biosensor. By reengineering it is also possible to integrate the automated
sample preparation system into the analyzer, which contains the biosensor, into one
compact device and thus save space in the laboratory environment. In either case,
because of the flow path simplicity the autosampler is easy to operate for sample
handling with a minimum of instructions. This leaves no reason not to equip your
biosensor with an autosampler that injects the analytes with great precision and
integrity. The implementation of an automated sample preparation system for
biosensor-based research permits the maximum possible efficiency resulting in the
highest sample throughput, leading to significant savings on cost per sample.
Special advantages of Spark’s sample automation technology:
high throughput
repeatability is guaranteed
precise sample delivery
dilution of samples and addition of reagents
temperature controlled sample storage
maximum flexibility in flow path options (tubing, coating, etc.).
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Technical training and support
Always going that one step further
In depth training ensures that your staff are able to service and
maintain instruments and systems, based on clear procedures, using
dedicated preventive maintenance kits and spare parts. And of
course, our service team is always available to help.
We want to provide the analytical laboratory
with innovative sample introduction, extraction
and separation technology, enabling seamless
integration of automated front-end sample
preparation into analytical systems.
Spark Holland BV
Waanderweg 40
Emmen – The Netherlands
Phone: +31 591 63 17 00
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